Seven of these encoded cytokines are interleukin 1A and B (IL1A & IL1B), interleukin 6 (IL6), C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8), platelet-derived growth factor subunit B (PDGFB), tissue factor (F3) and CC motif chemokine ligand 28 (CCL28), all of which are known to promote tumor growth and metastasis through modulation of cell proliferation, cell migration, immunosuppression, and oncogenic transformation. Here, CCL28 is linked to neoplasm.