Altered regulation of an immune response resulting in the imbalanced levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines has been reported as having a role in the complex pathogenesis of IBS; increased circulating levels of the main inflammatory mediators in IBS, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha, and decreased level of IL-10 have been described [3]. The gene discussed is CXCL8; the disease is irritable bowel syndrome.