STUB1 and acute myeloid leukemia: In addition, other important aspects to be further addressed in this field of immune-based therapeutics are (i) the definition of biological rationales for combinatorial approaches adding vaccines to other drugs, such as ICB or monoclonal antibodies, and (ii) the timing of intervention, as AML vaccines could be highly efficacious in eradicating MRD persistence after allo-HCT, or in preventing AML onset by targeting high-risk preleukemic states, such as CHIP or myelodysplastic syndromes.