In a randomized controlled trial on 176 dyslipidemia subjects (35–70 years), anthocyanin supplementation of 80–320 mg/d for 12 weeks improved serum HDL-cholesterol levels, HDL-induced cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC), and apolipoprotein A-I (APOA-I) in a dose–response manner [152]. The gene discussed is APOA1; the disease is metabolic syndrome.