GZMA and astrocytoma (excluding glioblastoma): On the contrary, HG areas derived from both IDHmut and IDHwt astrocytomas showed dysregulation of pathways related to “Sustaining proliferative signaling/Evading growth suppressors” and “Resisting cell death” [38], as suggested by the upregulation of pathways related to mRNA and protein synthesis (EIF2 and spliceosomal cycle pathways) and the downregulation of the apoptotic granzyme A pathway.