In methionine-choline deficiency (MCD)-induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), the OCTN2 substrate betaine [89] might reduce liver inflammation and damage, at least partly, by improving the balance between proinflammatory (TNF, IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10, TGF-β) cytokines [90]. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.