NRAS and thyroid gland carcinoma: In differentiated thyroid cancers such as PTC and FTC, a limited number of mutations such as BRAF p.V600E, RET translocations (CCDC6::RET, NCOA4::RET, etc.), H/K/NRAS mutations such as NRAS p.Q61R, and PAX8::PPARG translocation are often found, and these are mutually exclusive (Figure 1).