All three biomarkers are known to be produced by injured tubular cells and specifically by cisplatin damage in animals.15,39, –41 In scant literature, we and others have evaluated associations of NGAL and KIM-1 with cisplatin-associated AKI in humans.41, –43 Although there is knowledge on associations of AKI biomarkers with CKD, and less so with HTN, in non-cancer settings,8, , , , , –14,18,19,44, –46 there is little known on their prediction of later kidney outcomes in cancer and cisplatin populations. The gene discussed is LCN2; the disease is chronic kidney disease.