IL4 and asthma: Figure 5D demonstrates that treating OVA + CdCl2 mice with U0126 resulted in decreased levels of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 Th2 cytokine levels in the BALF. Correspondingly, α-tocopherol administration also reduced the levels of these cytokines. The aforementioned findings indicate that ERK signaling and oxidative stress are implicated in the exacerbation of inflammation in mice with ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma following exposure to CdCl2.