CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Meanwhile, Arak et al. [38] provided crucial insights into non-small cell lung cancer, showing that high PD-L1 expression—found in 37% of patients—correlates with more aggressive disease and reduced overall survival (24 months in PD-L1 positive patients versus 48 months in negatives), emphasizing the prognostic significance of PD-L1.