The downregulation of HLA-I expression in bladder cancers is unlikely to result from immunoediting (immune-mediated selection of tumor cells with reduced immunogenicity), but it reflects a direct BCG-induced HLA-I loss in cancer cells [43,44,45,46,47,48,49], a part of a wide spectrum of suppressive events involving prostaglandins and elevation of PDL1 expression in bladder cancer TME [50,51,52], indicating the need for coordinated targeting of these pathways. Here, CD274 is linked to cancer.