However, DC subsets are altered in IBD, and a decline in the numbers of CD103+ DCs in the colon of both UC and CD patients compared to healthy controls was reported, supporting a loss of regulatory DCs in IBD.137 Compared to healthy controls, Bt-MVs were unable to induce the expression of IL-10 in colonic DCs of UC patients and elicited a significantly lower proportion of DCs that expressed IL-10 in the blood of both CD and UC patients.137. Here, ITGAE is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.