This specific microglia subset expressed core microglia markers, including CSF1R, CTSB, and CD11B. It also upregulated CX3CR1, NLRP1, PDGFRA, and SOX2, while decreasing the expression of several homeostatic genes, including P2RY12 and TMEM119. Interestingly, this cluster exhibited pro-inflammatory and proliferative signatures (i.e., NLRP1, iNOS, COX2, CCND2, CYCLINB1, IGFBP5) and shaped the cytokine microenvironment (i.e., IL-1B and IL18) as previously reported for the murine glioma-associated microglial cells (147) (Figure 4). The gene discussed is CSF1R; the disease is glioma.