Pharmacological inhibition of NLRP3 not only reduces the expression of IL-1β, but also alleviates cognition impairment after sepsis (Sui et al., 2016; Xie et al., 2020; Li et al., 2022; Sekino et al., 2022; Moraes et al., 2023). The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is Sepsis.