Research using genetic and pharmacological approaches has revealed that the glycolytic regulator 6-phophofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2, 6-biphosphatase (PFKFB3) can increase the expression of adhesion molecules and promote monocyte adhesion in ECs, which explains why increased glycolysis can worsen pulmonary inflammation and damage during sepsis-induced ALI/ARDS [66]. Here, PFKFB3 is linked to acute respiratory distress syndrome.