In the stroma, TGFβ drives the transformation of CAFs into highly contractile myofibroblasts that express αSMA and secrete substantial quantities of FN and collagen I. Disrupting TGFβ1 is linked to reduced macrophage polarization to M2 and associated with reduced tumor growth (Zhou et al., 2023). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is neoplasm.