For example, GPC2 has been identified as a prognostic marker for several types of tumors (Liu et al., 2021; Chen et al., 2022), PTK7 shows potential as a target for CAR T-cell therapies in lung cancer treatment (Ma et al., 2023), APH1A (Todd et al., 2022) is involved in the development of Alzheimer’s disease, and RasGRP3 acts to limit the inflammatory response during low-intensity pathogen infections (Lee et al., 2023). This evidence concerns the gene PTK7 and early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.