STING1 and neoplasm: Lastly, Cheradame et al. found their effect was independent of paracrine/autocrine interferon signaling, while Hayman et al. noted that interferon-stimulated gene 15 levels were increased in response to radiation in the wild-type prostate cancer cells, but abrogated in the STING knockout cells, suggesting that the pro-survival effect of STING knockout they observed may be mediated by the tumor cells responding to STING-mediated interferon production.