For example, a pegylated exendin-4 GLP-1R agonist, NLY01, penetrates CNS and blocks pathologic α-synuclein-induced microglial activation both in vitro and in vivo, inhibits secretion of inflammatory cytokines IL-1α, TNFα, and C1q, in turn prevents reactive astrogliosis in human A53T α-synuclein (hA53T) transgenic mouse model of PD (Yun et al., 2018) It was shown that the GLP-1R agonist, NLY01, protects against dopaminergic neuronal loss and behavioral deficits in a mouse model of sporadic PD and extends survival in a model of familial α-synucleinopathy. The gene discussed is GLP1R; the disease is Parkinson disease.