Sun et al. (2023) demonstrated that APS had a potent anti-hypertrophic effect on HG-stimulated H9c2 cardiomyocytes and streptozotocin-induced DCM rats. In animal experiments, APS (0.5, 1, 2 g/kg p. o.)administered to streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats for 16 weeks reduced the expression of BMPRII, ALK3, and p-Smad1/5/8, alleviated cardiac hypertrophy, and improved cardiac function by inhibiting the activation of the bone morphogenetic protein 10 pathway in a dose-dependent manner (Sun et al., 2023). Here, BMP10 is linked to cardiac hypertrophy.