SAA4 and cancer: The metabolism and transport of cholesterol are influenced by SAA.67,68 Ignacio et al. found that SAA could facilitate the formation of an inflammatory TME in triple-negative breast cancer.69 In addition, SAA was confirmed to have impacts on metastasis and immune biology in cancer.70 Patients with higher levels of SAA2, SAA4, and SAA2-SAA4 displayed worse survival in our model, indicating that these SAA genes could serve as biomarkers of prognosis for patients with ccRCC.