In the tumor microenvironment, HLA-E exhibits its suppressive immunomodulatory properties through binding receptors CD94/NKG2A and NK cells.55,56 A previous study established that the overexpression of HLA-E was frequent and common in RCC and led to impaired immunogenicity.56 In addition, immune-inhibitor molecules (such as KDR, CD274, and ADORA2A) were markedly upregulated in MOICS2. Here, HLA-E is linked to renal cell carcinoma.