GPX4 and hydrops fetalis: In recent years, with the rise of the concept of ferroptosis and the continuous deepening of research, it has been found that there are many mechanisms of ferroptosis, which have been greatly proven to be related to HF in aspects such as iron overload, lipid peroxidation, GSH–GPX4–ROS pathway, NADPH/FSP1/CoQ10 pathway, tumor suppressor gene P53, and oxidative stress.