The increase of gene expression for INF-ɣ in the liver of the IC and V2 groups as compared to the UC groups agrees with the increase of this cytokine in the liver of buffaloes chronically infected with F. gigantica [26] and the liver of F. hepatica infected sheep during early stages of infection [20, 22], but it contrasts with the lack of significant gene expression increase in the liver of chronically F. hepatica infected sheep [22] and with the significant decrease of IFN-ɣ expression in the liver of cattle with chronic natural fasciolosis [27]. The gene discussed is IFNA1; the disease is infection.