SLC38A1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: The results showed that the knockdown of OTUD5 increased the level of ubiquitinated SLC38A1 in HCC cells (Fig. 6D and Supplementary Fig. 4D), while the level of ubiquitinated SLC38A1 was significantly reduced in HCC cells overexpressing OTUD5 (Fig. 6E and Supplementary Fig. 4E).