OTUD5 and hepatocellular carcinoma: According to the UALCAN platform (https://ualcan.path.uab.edu/analysis.html), TCGA data showed that the expression of OTUD5 mRNA in HCC tissues was prominently greater than that in normal liver tissues (P < 0.0001, Fig. 1A), and CPTAC data further confirmed the upregulation of the OTUD5 protein in HCC tissues compared to that in normal tissues (P = 0.015, Fig. 1B).