Clinically, the expression of HMGCS2 was positively correlated with lung function in the IPF cohort (GES47460), including diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO, R = 0.44, P < 0.01), forced expiratory volume (FEV, R = 0.23, P < 0.01), and forced vital capacity (FVC, R = 0.30, P < 0.01) (Fig. 3C) and negatively correlated with age (risk factor of IPF) (Fig. S2) suggesting its vital role in the pathogenesis of IPF. The gene discussed is HMGCS2; the disease is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.