To validatethe proteomics findings, we assessed the expression of Casp8 and Stat1in AF and PF intestinal tissue sections using immunofluorescence.In the PF mice, weak cytoplasmic staining of Casp8 was detected inthe villi epithelial cells, while moderate to strong nuclear stainingof Stat1 was detected in the nuclei of both villi and crypt epithelialcells. The gene discussed is CASP8; the disease is atrial fibrillation.