OAS1 and infection: Across all three viruses, a significant upregulation of genes involved in the “Defense response to virus” (GO:0051607) was observed at both 24 (Supplementary Tables S1, S3, S5) and 72 h (Supplementary Tables S7, S9, S11, S14) post-infection, highlighting a robust antiviral defense strategy marked by the activation of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) such as IFITM3, RTP4, OAS1, IFITM1, and MX1.