AFP and hepatocellular carcinoma: Extensive research has demonstrated a significant association between numerous dysregulated lncRNAs in HCC and various clinicopathological features, including characteristics of the primary tumor (size, focality, differentiation, and encapsulation), invasion and metastasis, disease staging, survival rates, and non-tumorigenic aspects like cirrhosis, serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels, and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection status [8–10].