TNF and COVID-19: Functional enrichment was primarily in adaptive immune response, leukocyte, and lymphocyte mediated the immune response, and proinflammatory response mediated by cytokines like IL-12 and TNF-a, which promoted the proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells and induced vascular remodeling, as determined by GSEA of SELE and CCL20 in the data sets of COVID-19 and PH.