Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of neuroblastoma have identified over a dozen susceptibility loci and these genetic associations have implicated genes such as CASC15, NBAT1, BARD1, LMO1, DUSP12, DDX4, IL31RA, HSD17B12, HACE1, LIN28B, TP53, RSRC1, MLF1, CPZ, MMP20, KIF15, and NBPF2328–37. This evidence concerns the gene IL31RA and neuroblastoma.