Specifically, CF differentiation in the wake of myocardial infraction (MI) involves abnormal aerobic glycolysis supported by the HIF-1α/Akt pathway and the primary target genes Ldha and Pfkb3 (Hailiwu et al. 2023; Wang et al. 2023; Yang et al. 2023). Here, HIF1A is linked to myocardial infarction.