IL6 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Although PAR1 is considered as the predominant PAR that mediates the release of inflammatory cytokines like IL-6 from adipocytes (Kajimoto et al. 2012), it does not appear to contribute to obesity development under HFD in vivo (Badeanlou et al. 2011, Kopec et al. 2017), pointing to a contribution of other PAR subtypes to the thrombin actions in obesity.