HMOX1 and brain ischemia: Further studies showed that after XNJ treatment, the expressions of GPX4, ferroportin (FPN), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were upregulated, while the expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), transfer receptors (TFR), and divalent metal transporter-1 (DMT1) were downregulated, which relieved MCAO-induced cerebral ischemia.