Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that the activation of microglia and astrocytes identified by Iba1 (DG, 42.83 ± 5.139 vs 62.99 ± 8.336 cells, P = 0.0147; CA1, 68.12 ± 7.588 vs 89.32 ± 10.10 cells, P = 0.0259) and GFAP (DG, 24.67 ± 5.437 vs 40.00 ± 8.535 cells, P = 0.0317; CA1, 37.26 ± 4.909 vs 50.23 ± 7.344 cells, P = 0.0364) labeling, respectively, were significantly reduced in the POCD + OI group compared to the POCD group (Fig. 2j–k). The gene discussed is AIF1; the disease is osteogenesis imperfecta.