ELK1 and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: Numerous studies have revealed that Elk1 is implicated in various lung disorders, playing roles such as mediating the sexually dimorphic proliferative response of pulmonary arterial endothelial cells in pulmonary arterial hypertension, promoting the growth of lung cancer cells, and contributing to the progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (Predescu et al. 2022; Li et al. 2022; Tatler et al. 2016).