However, although the exact association between gastric adenocarcinoma and GHIP is still controversial, a few studies reported GHIP coexisted with adenocarcinoma within the lesion [8, 24, 27, 33], or outside the lesion presented as synchronous or metachronous gastric adenocarcinoma [5–8, 25]. Here, GHR is linked to gastric adenocarcinoma.