EGFR and urinary bladder cancer: In bladder cancer, the regulation of EGFR activity by Tspan27 is influenced by the ganglioside GD1a, which is important for the spatial organization of Tspan27-rich microstructural domains and interferes with Tspan27 recruitment of negatively regulated EGFR molecules such as tyrosine phosphatases, similar to the GD1a-Tspan27-EGFR complex, and the crosstalk between Tspan27, integrin α3 and HGFR intercrosstalk is also regulated by gangliosides.