The positive predictive values (PPVs) for detecting clinically significant prostate cancer with a PSA level of 3 ng/mL or higher was 17.6% (106 of 603 patients), 21.3% (145 of 680 patients) with a Stockholm3 risk score of 0.11 or higher, and 28.8% (119 of 413 patients) with a Stockholm3 risk score of 0.15. Here, KLK3 is linked to Familial prostate cancer.