HSPA1A and cancer: Elevated levels of autoantibodies against HSP70 have been corroborated in different cancers, including NSCLC (36), esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (38), colorectal cancer (51), gastric cancer (70), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (55, 56), cholangiocarcinoma (57), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (67), acute myeloid leukemia (AML)/acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (53), and cancer of gingivobuccal complex (69).