Overexpression of PDGFRA is associated with more malignant phenotypes and older age, leading to poorer survival outcomes in glioblastoma.70,71 A specific c.1403A>G mutation in exon 10 of PDGFRA can lead to glioblastoma cells that exhibit higher proliferation through the PDGFRA and CDK4–CDK6/cyclin D1 signalling pathways.40 As such, targeting these pathways with kinase inhibitors can be a promising therapeutic strategy in glioblastoma. Here, CCND1 is linked to glioblastoma.