AKT1 and diabetes mellitus: In the study of the effect of peripheral blood mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on angiogenesis phosphatidylinoinositide 3-kinase (key molecule of PI3K signaling pathway)/protein kinase B signaling pathway in diabetic foot rats, it was found that peripheral blood mesenchymal stem cell transplantation can promote the proliferation and differentiation of endothelial cells by regulating the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway [22,23,24].