This role of NLRP12 in forming inflammasome and the inflammasome-associated function was evidenced in part from infection with Yersinia pestis, in which NLRP12 inflammasome induced activation of caspase-1 and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β and IL-18, and was associated with protection against Yersinia pestis infection [305]. The gene discussed is NLRP12; the disease is plague.