NLRP3 inflammasome activation and of IL-1β, IL-1 and IL-18 are thought to play a detrimental role in multiple sclerosis (an autoimmune neurodegenerative disorder caused by infiltration of autoreactive T-cells inside the central nervous system through a weakened blood–brain barrier) by facilitating immune cell infiltration and promoting excessive inflammatory response, which in turn aggravates conditions in multiple sclerosis patients [20, 105]. The gene discussed is IL18; the disease is multiple sclerosis.