Taken together, this work underlines that the levels of NLRP3, IFN‐γ and MMP‐9 are markedly increased in the serum of patients with intracranial infections and hydrocephalus after craniotomy, and their combined diagnostic efficacy is the highest for postoperative intracranial infections and hydrocephalus in patients. This evidence concerns the gene MMP9 and Hydrocephalus.