NFKB1 and colorectal carcinoma: Except for F.nucleatum, H. pylori has been demonstrated to stimulate NF-κB signaling pathway activation via its distinctive effector molecule, ADP-glycerol-β-D-mannoheptulose [138, 139], Peptostreptococcus anaerobius and Bacteroides fragilis which were observed to increase in GC, can activate NF-κB signaling pathway via inducing intracellular synthesis of ROS and IL-17 respectively in CRC [140, 141].