Based on the criteria of p-values < 0.05 and VIP > 1.0, total 60 metabolites were differentially expressed, including 47 differential metabolites between sepsis and Sham group (36 down-regulated and 11 up-regulated) and 28 differential metabolites between sepsis and Sham group (27 down-regulated and 1 up-regulated) (Fig. 2a). This evidence concerns the gene VIP and Sepsis.