Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) refers to a clinicopathological syndrome characterized by excessive accumulation of fat in hepatocytes caused by alcohol and other definite liver-damaging factors, and acquired metabolic stress liver injury that is closely related to insulin resistance and genetic predisposition, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease or simple steatosis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, liver fibrosis, and liver cirrhosis. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.