CYBB (NADPH oxidase 2, NOX2) is expressed in several diseases and is a key component of membrane-bound oxidases in superoxide-producing phagocytes and a good marker of infiltrating inflammatory cells.[69,70] The gastric mucosa initiates an inflammatory response through the activation of NOX2, a step that occurs in atrophic gastritis.[70,71] In the process of atherosclerosis, micro-oxidized low-density lipoprotein stimulates the production of ROS in macrophages by activating NOX2, which promotes the occurrence of atherosclerosis and the progression of atherosclerotic lesions.[72]. This evidence concerns the gene CYBB and chronic atrophic gastritis.