Moreover, human NASH liver cells are characterized by a lack of genes highly expressed in macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 (M-CSF)-, interleukin (IL)-4-, and IL-13-stimulated MoMF in contrast to the gene signatures of monocytes, which are highly enriched, indicating a lack of tissue-repair macrophages during NASH progression. Here, CSF1 is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.