Various pathways within the innate immune system were identified for COVID-19-inactivated vaccines, including the TNF signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, interactions between viral proteins and cytokines, cytokine-receptor interactions, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, complement and coagulation cascades, B-cell receptor signaling, and Toll-like receptor signaling pathway72,73. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is COVID-19.