HIF1A and neoplasm: Specifically, BE has been shown to reverse hypoxia-induced resistance to tamoxifen (TAM) through the downregulation of HIF-1α levels in breast cancer cells.209 From a molecular perspective, the 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase-driven oxidative pentose phosphate pathway is thought to facilitate the reshaping of histone H3K9 and DNA methylation patterns during tumor progression.